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content/glyph/book/getting_started/structure.html

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<!DOCTYPE html> 
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	<head> 
		<title>Glyph - Document Structure</title> 



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			<article class="page"> 
				<header> 
					<hgroup> 
					<h1>Document Structure</h1> 
					</hgroup> 
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				<section id="body-text" class="hyphenate"> 

							<nav><a href="/glyph/book/getting_started/create_project.html">Creating your first Glyph Project &larr;</a><a href="/glyph/book/index.html">Contents</a><a href="/glyph/book/getting_started/configuration.html">&rarr; Project Configuration</a></nav>
							
	<p>Every Glyph project contains a <code>document.glyph</code> file that is typically used to define the document structure. The default <code>document.glyph</code> generated automatically when creating a new project is the following:</p>

	<div class="CodeRay">
  <div class="code"><pre><span class="no"> 1</span> book[
<span class="no"> 2</span>   @frontmatter[
<span class="no"> 3</span>     toc[]
<span class="no"> 4</span>     preface[
<span class="no"> 5</span>       @title[Preface]
<span class="no"> 6</span>       todo[Write the preface]
<span class="no"> 7</span>       include[preface]
<span class="no"> 8</span>     ]
<span class="no"> 9</span>   ]
<span class="no"><strong>10</strong></span>   @bodymatter[  
<span class="no">11</span>     chapter[ 
<span class="no">12</span>       @title[Chapter 1]
<span class="no">13</span>       todo[Write chapter 1]
<span class="no">14</span>       include[chapter_1]
<span class="no">15</span>     ]
<span class="no">16</span>     chapter[
<span class="no">17</span>       @title[Chapter 2]
<span class="no">18</span>       todo[Write chapter 2]
<span class="no">19</span>       include[chapter_2]
<span class="no"><strong>20</strong></span>     ]
<span class="no">21</span>   ]
<span class="no">22</span>   @backmatter[
<span class="no">23</span>     appendix[
<span class="no">24</span>       @title[Appendix A]
<span class="no">25</span>       todo[Write appendix A]
<span class="no">26</span>       include[appendix_a]
<span class="no">27</span>     ]
<span class="no">28</span>   ]
<span class="no">29</span> ]</pre></div>
</div>


	<p>Even without knowing anything about Glyph Language, you can easily figure out that this file defines a document with a Table of Contents, a Preface some Chapters and an Appendix.</p>
<p>As you can see, Glyph wraps portions of text within square brackets preceded by an identifier. These identifiers are used for <em><a href="/glyph/book/text_editing/macro_intro.html#macro_intro">macros</a></em> and <em><a href="/glyph/book/text_editing/attribute_intro.html#attribute_intro">attributes</a></em>. The only syntactic difference between macros and attributes is that attributes are preceded by a <code>@</code>.</p>
<p>For now, think about a macro as something that performs a certain action and &#8212; generally &#8212; produces some text output or manipulation of the text inside it. In this way, it becomes easy to understand that the <code>chapter</code> macro creates a chapter and the <a href="/glyph/book/macros/macros_core.html#m_include"><code>include</code></a> macro includes an external file, for example.<br />
Attributes &#8220;belong&#8221; to the macro they&#8217;re in, so in this case the <a href="/glyph/book/macros/macros_structure.html#m_book"><code>book</code></a> macro has the following attributes:</p>
<ul>
	<li><code>@frontmatter</code></li>
	<li><code>@bodymatter</code></li>
	<li><code>@backmatter</code></li>
</ul>
<p>More specifically, in this <code>document.glyph</code> file:</p>
<ul>
	<li>The <a href="/glyph/book/macros/macros_structure.html#m_book"><code>book</code></a> macro wraps every other macro and is used to create the document header and default title page.</li>
	<li>Then, the <code>@frontmatter</code>, <code>@bodymatter</code>, and <code>@backmatter</code> attributes are used to divide the portions of your document according to the rules of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_design">book design</a>. They are not mandatory, but they can be used, for example, to number your appendixes with letters instead of numbers and similar.</li>
	<li><code>preface</code>, <code>chapter</code>, <code>appendix</code> are just a way to wrap content in <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags, from an <span class="caps">HTML</span> point of view, but they are also necessary to nest the content of your document and generate the Table of Contents automatically, together through <code>@title</code> attributes.</li>
</ul>
							<nav><a href="/glyph/book/getting_started/create_project.html">Creating your first Glyph Project &larr;</a><a href="/glyph/book/index.html">Contents</a><a href="/glyph/book/getting_started/configuration.html">&rarr; Project Configuration</a></nav>
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